By Christine Murray
It can be challenging to support someone who you believe is in an abusive relationship but who doesn’t seem to be aware of the extent of the abuse or the danger they might be in. This situation often leaves supporters feeling concerned for the survivor’s safety, both physically and emotionally, yet unsure of how best to help them when they don’t see the relationship the way we do. Understanding Challenges to Recognizing Abuse In a previous post back in early June on our Pathway for Survivors blog, I discussed the complexities of recognizing abusive dynamics while in a relationship. Here are some reasons why people may struggle to identify an abusive relationship that they’re involved in:
Additionally, people may not recognize abusive patterns if they haven’t learned about healthy relationship dynamics or if they grew up in environments where abuse was normalized. Abusive relationships are further complicated by periods of calm or positivity between incidents of violence or abuse, which can lead survivors to question the severity of the abuse or believe their partner will change. Offering Support When supporting someone who hasn’t shared with you that they recognize they are experiencing abuse, but you’re concerned for their safety and well-being, here are a few considerations to keep in mind: Be Gentle and Supportive: A gentle and supportive approach is so important. Avoid using a confrontational tone, as it might inadvertently lead to further isolation for the survivor. Instead, opt for open-ended questions that encourage an open conversation and reflection. For example, you might ask questions like, "How are you feeling about your relationship lately?" or "Is there anything on your mind that you'd like to talk about?" These types of questions invite the survivor to share their thoughts and feelings without feeling judged or pressured. Nonjudgmental support is also key. Show empathy by actively listening to their concerns and validating their experiences. Avoid making assumptions or passing judgment on their decisions. Let them know you're there for them and you're willing to support them in any way they feel comfortable with. Building trust and rapport is a gradual process, so be patient and understanding as they navigate their feelings and experiences. Seek Support for Yourself: It’s natural to feel frustrated or drained when you’re supporting someone whose safety you’re concerned about. Throughout the process, prioritize your own well-being and seek support for yourself. This might involve talking to trusted colleagues, supervisors, friends, or other supporters who can provide guidance and perspective on how to approach the situation effectively. Consider joining support groups or seeking professional counseling to process your emotions and gain insights into supporting survivors of abuse. Remember that taking care of yourself is valuable while you’re offering meaningful support to others. Engage in Open, Kind Communication: Open communication is helpful when addressing concerns about someone's safety in an abusive relationship. Depending on your level of concern for the survivor's well-being and safety, approach the conversation with care and sensitivity. Express your concerns gently, using language that conveys empathy and understanding. For instance, you might say, "I've noticed some patterns in your relationship that concern me, and I care about you. Can we talk about how you're feeling?" This approach shows that you're genuinely concerned about their well-being and opens the door for them to share their thoughts and experiences. If you have specific concerns that they may be in danger, you might be a bit more directive with your approach, such as by saying something like, “I’m concerned for your safety. I’ve witnessed your partner saying and doing things that lead me to believe your safety might be at risk. Would you be up for talking about this, or for me helping you connect with some community resources that might be helpful?” Whenever possible, provide information about national and local support services, hotlines, or counseling options without pressuring them to take immediate action. Let them know that they have options and that support is available whenever they're ready to seek help. Respect their autonomy and decision-making process while remaining a supportive presence in their life. (Of course, if you believe anyone is in immediate danger, be sure to reach out as soon as possible to the emergency authorities in your community.) Conclusion Each person's journey in recognizing and addressing abuse is unique and unfolds at their own pace. It's important to practice patience, set healthy boundaries, and prioritize self-care throughout the process of supporting someone who seems to be involved in an abusive relationship. Remember that you're not alone in this journey, and seeking guidance and support from others can be invaluable as you offer effective and compassionate assistance to survivors of abuse.
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Expanding Your Empathy for Survivors: Understanding all the Layers of Potential Impacts of Abuse5/21/2024 By Christine Murray
If you’re supporting a survivor along their process of healing from an abusive relationship, you may at times wonder, “Why is it taking them so long to move on?” or “Why is this healing process taking so long?” Of course, it’s important to remember that every survivor’s journey--including their timeline for healing--is unique. Often, healing from an abusive relationship takes some time, which is why the 3rd Commitment in our Pathway for Supporting Survivors is “Committing to adopting a long-range perspective for your healing and growth.” One way that anyone supporting a survivor along the healing journey can expand their empathy for the survivor’s experiences is by learning more about the many potential ways that an abusive relationship can impact survivors. Abusive relationships can have real and lasting effects on those in and around them. The extent of the effects that any survivor will experience will vary based on a variety of factors, including how long the relationship lasted, the severity of the abuse, whether they have a positive support system available, and whether the relationship is ongoing or has ended. Below, I’ll review some of the possible effects of abusive relationships. This list is not comprehensive, so keep an open mind to learn about any unique impacts that the survivor you’re supporting may have faced. Physical Impacts: There are many ways that the physical stress of an abusive relationship can manifest. A survivor who faced physical abuse may have experienced physical symptoms, injuries, or other effects, such as a traumatic brain injury (TBI). Other physical impacts--whether or not physical abuse was involved--might include sleep problems, headaches, muscle tension, a feeling of being physically “on edge,” and even chronic health problems resulting from long-term chronic stress. Low Self-Esteem: Over time, an abusive relationship can chip away at survivors’ self-esteem and lead them to question their self-worth. Abusers often directly and indirectly criticize and put down their partners. This is why it’s so important for survivors to have supporters who remind them that they are worthy of healthy, positive relationships, even if they may not feel worthy in any given moment. Self-blame: It is natural to wonder if you are to blame for another person treating you badly. Survivors may find themselves questioning what they did to deserve their abuser’s bad behavior. Abusers often add to survivors’ feelings of blame by outright blaming them for their abusive actions. Lack of Focus: An abusive relationship can present a major distraction and impact survivors’ mental focus. They may find themselves ruminating on things that were said or done in the context of the relationship. They may find it difficult to concentrate on their goals or other positive aspects of their lives. Reduced Energy for Other Areas of Life: Being in an abusive relationship can feel like it just sucks the life right out of you. An abusive relationship can be all-consuming of survivors’ thoughts and energy. Even long after the relationship has ended, survivors may have lingering impacts on their thinking patterns and energy levels as they are processing their experiences with abuse. Spillover into Other Relationships: Experiencing an abusive relationship also can impact survivors’ feelings of safety and comfort in other relationships, even healthier ones. Abusive relationships typically feel unsafe and untrustworthy. Survivors may find that they have a hard time trusting others, so it can take time to build safety and trust in new relationships. Practical Consequences: The specific practical consequences of an abusive relationship will depend on the unique circumstances of the relationship. Some of the practical or logistical areas in which survivors’ lives might be impacted by an abusive relationship include the following: finances, career, education, housing, extended family relationships, parenting and custody issues, and safety concerns. As you offer support, but mindful of any specific practical consequences the survivor has faced that may be impacting their overall well-being and healing process. The above list highlights how many layers and complexities survivors might be navigating along their healing journey. In addition to the individual impacts that are possible in each of the above areas, the impacts of abuse often intersect. For example, the practical impacts of financial challenges might make it more difficult for a survivor to access mental health care to focus on building their self-esteem. As you offer support to survivors, try to adopt a long-range view for providing support, as well as asking the survivor whether and how they’d like for you to support them right now. And, practice patience as the survivor is navigating their healing journey--while also celebrating and encouraging their process along the way. And finally, remember to take good care of yourself while also offering your support to the survivor. By Christine Murray
If someone you care about—a family member, friend, neighbor, or coworker—disclosed to you that they were in an abusive relationship, would you feel confident in offering support and providing a caring and informed response? It's common to feel anxious, nervous, and uncertain when faced with this scenario. However, there are steps you can take to prepare yourself to help someone in an abusive relationship. Here's a brief checklist to offer some steps you can take to be prepared if someone in your life is impacted by an abusive relationship: Things You Can Say:
Resources You Can Call:
Things You Can Do:
Offering support to someone in an abusive relationship can be challenging, but a strong support system can make a huge difference in the life of a survivor. Recognize your limitations and seek professional help if needed. The steps outlined here are a starting point to equip yourself with the knowledge and resources to support your loved one effectively. Explore our Other Resources page for additional information and support opportunities. By Christine Murray
Have you ever found yourself in a situation where a friend or coworker is pouring their heart out to you, sharing their struggles, and you desperately want to offer support, but no words you offer seem adequate? For individuals who are supporting survivors of abusive relationships, this scenario may be all too familiar. Healing from such trauma is a complex and often lengthy process, filled with moments where offering comfort can feel like a confusing maze. Here are some suggestions to consider when you find yourself grappling with how to offer support to a survivor in your life: Practice Patience and Presence: Understand that healing is a personal journey, and there may be times when simply being there to listen without judgment is the most valuable support you can offer. Your presence and willingness to listen can provide comfort and reassurance, even if you feel powerless to change the situation and unsure of what to say. Focus on What Not to Say: In moments of uncertainty, prioritize avoiding statements that could inadvertently cause harm or invalidate the survivor's experiences. Rather than feeling pressured to find the perfect words, opt for neutral, empathetic statements that acknowledge the difficulty of their situation without trying to fix it. Avoid saying things that might sound judgmental or blaming. If you notice you may have said something that was unintentionally hurtful, acknowledge this and ask how you can offer sensitive support in the future. Take Care of Yourself: Supporting someone through their healing journey can be emotional and complicated, so it's essential to prioritize your own well-being. Practice self-care strategies such as deep breathing or seeking support from others when you feel overwhelmed. Remember, you will be in the best position to offer support to others when you feel healthy and supported yourself. Be Aware of Signs of Crisis or Distress: If you notice signs that the survivor is experiencing significant distress or mental health issues, don't hesitate to offer resources and support. Encourage them to seek professional help or connect them with hotlines and local support services if needed. Visit our Other Resources page to find potentially helpful resources, including 24/7 crisis resources like the National Domestic Violence Hotline or the 9-8-8 Lifeline. Focus on Planting Seeds of Hope: Even if it feels like your words are falling on deaf ears, remember that small gestures of encouragement can have a lasting impact. Your words may not immediately resonate with the survivor, but they can plant seeds of hope that may grow and offer encouragement in their own time. Supporting a survivor through their healing journey is both challenging and meaningful. While it may feel frustrating at times, remember that your presence and support can make a significant difference in their lives, even if you can't see the immediate results. Thank you for being a part of the Source for Survivors community. If you have any additional suggestions or strategies for supporting survivors, especially during difficult moments, please share them in the comments below. Your insights and experiences are invaluable to our community. By Christine Murray
In all my years working in the domestic violence field, a recurring occurrence has been people from various aspects of life—be it through work, friends, family members, or neighbors—reaching out to seek help with supporting someone they care about who is involved in an abusive relationship. It might be their sibling, daughter, niece, coworker, friend, neighbor, or any number of possible relationships through which they are connected to that person. The theme of supporting a friend involved in an abusive relationship is one we've extensively explored through our See the Triumph campaign. You can find a Collection of See the Triumph blog posts and resources on this topic by visiting the following link: http://www.seethetriumph.org/collection-how-to-help-a-friend.html. In today's post, I’ll delve into a specific aspect of supporting a loved one involved in an abusive relationship—the importance of self-care. While dedicating yourself to caring for and supporting your loved one, it's crucial to prioritize your own well-being as well. Supporting someone involved in an abusive relationship poses significant challenges. The journey can be tumultuous, time-consuming, and stress-inducing, even if you feel good about being in a position to offer your loved one support during the difficult time they’re facing. Offering long-term support can become challenging, and without proper self-care, supporters may face burnout. This burnout can result in severed relationships and the crucial support survivors need being cut off. If you’re in a position to support someone who is close to you as they navigate an abusive relationship, it’s essential to care for your own well-being while you’re offering support to the other person. Below, I’ll share strategies for caring for yourself while supporting someone in our lives who is involved in an abusive relationship. First, remember that the person involved is in the best position to make decisions for their own life. It's helpful to detach somewhat from specific outcomes or the steps that the person takes in an abusive relationship. While offering advice or making suggestions is well-intentioned, it can be frustrating when the individual doesn't follow your recommended course of action, whether it's leaving the relationship immediately or taking other steps that seem necessary to you. It's important to navigate any frustrations you face with patience and understanding, acknowledging that the person knows their situation best and may face complexities that aren't immediately apparent to you. In these challenging situations, it's crucial to establish clear boundaries between your opinions and thoughts about what should happen and the autonomy of the other person. Remind yourself that the individual will make choices they need to make, even if it conflicts with your well-intentioned advice. While you may have valid and helpful thoughts about their situation, it's essential to respect their autonomy and timelines. There are exceptions, particularly when mandated reporting is necessary due to abuse involving children. If you're aware of abuse that children are witnessing or are otherwise involved, and reporting is mandated in your jurisdiction, you may need to step in and make a report to the authorities even if that’s not what the survivor wants to happen. Setting aside these kinds of exceptional situations, it's vital to create space between your own perspectives and the survivors’ need to think through their unique situation for themselves. If desired, offer guidance and assistance without imposing your opinions, fostering an environment where they feel empowered to make their own decisions. This approach not only respects their autonomy but also strengthens their ability to navigate the complexities of their situation. Next, it's important to prioritize self-care and self-compassion. Supporting someone in the chaos of an abusive relationship can be very challenging. The concern for your loved one's safety, as well as your own, may be overwhelming. It's not uncommon to lose sleep or constantly dwell on how to help them. If you find yourself feeling overwhelmed, distraught, or experiencing secondary trauma such as sleep disturbances or nightmares related to the situation, it's a sign that it’s time to prioritize self-care. Take time for yourself to take a break from thinking or talking about the relationship, and engage in coping and relaxation strategies that work for you. Whether it's through mindfulness, exercise, creative activities, or any other strategies that bring you comfort, incorporating these practices into your routine can significantly contribute to maintaining your emotional resilience. Third, prioritize safety, including your own. Abusive relationships can be dangerous, contributing significantly to the concern and distress you feel for your loved one. While being there to support them, be mindful of safety considerations, placing the well-being of both yourself and your loved one at the forefront. Familiarize yourself with local resources and safety protocols. Know the local emergency hotlines and the procedure for immediate crisis situations, such as contacting 9-1-1 or the relevant call center. Being well-prepared ensures that you can respond effectively to potential threats and prioritize safety. Additionally, consider your emotional safety and the emotional safety of your loved one. Evaluate the safety implications of the support you're offering and how you involve yourself in the situation. Abusive relationships can be volatile and unpredictable, so seek guidance as needed from local domestic violence resources in your community, including law enforcement, domestic violence agencies, and victim advocates. Trained professionals can provide valuable insights into the protections available for you and your loved one in case safety concerns arise. Collaborating with these resources enhances your ability to navigate potential risks and ensures that emotional safety is also prioritized in the support you provide. Finally, take a long-range view. Some abusive relationships end quickly, but often, they endure for a long time-frame that is marked by chaos and distress. Exercise patience with your loved one as they navigate their feelings, make decisions, and determine the steps to take. Understand that it's normal for the process to be extended, and even after the abusive relationship ends and safety is achieved, your loved one may still experience distress. In some cases, abuse may persist even after the relationship has officially ended. This is particularly true when survivors need to maintain contact with their former abuser, such as in situations involving children, custody issues, or ongoing court cases. Taking a long-range view involves recognizing that the aftermath of an abusive relationship may last for a long time. Find the right level of support to offer that feels helpful to you, and be aware of your own limits as you support your loved one on their journey. Conclusion. In conclusion, remember that you can provide support in a way that is both meaningful and sustainable for the long term. Offer to help connect your loved one with other sources of support so you aren’t shouldering every aspect of emotional, practical, and tangible support on your own. Connecting them with community resources and additional potential sources of support, such as friends, family, or co-workers, can help build a circle of support around the survivor. Even if you find yourself as a primary source of support, you can establish healthy boundaries for yourself as you offer support and take care of yourself along the way. Supporting someone through an abusive relationship can be incredibly challenging. It may be tempting to disengage, and sometimes this becomes necessary, even if just for a temporary period of time. However, maintaining a long-range perspective, prioritizing safety, and offering consistent support can make a significant difference. What are some other ideas you have for how people can take good care of themselves while also supporting a loved one who involved in an abusive relationship? Please share your thoughts in the comments below. By Christine Murray
Survivors of past abuse benefit when the members of their communities are well-equipped to offer them support (if and when needed) during and after they’ve lived through an abusive relationship. This includes those closest to them, such as their friends and family members, as well as their extended social networks and the professionals they may encounter when seeking services and support of all kinds. In my years of experience working in the mental health and domestic violence fields, I’ve seen countless people struggle when someone they know reveals to them that they are or were in an abusive relationship and need help related to the abuse. For this reason, I believe everyone would be wise to be prepared to offer support to survivors. You never know when someone you care about or work with may disclose abuse to you, or when you may come to suspect that someone is in an unsafe relationship but is afraid to tell you. Take a moment to consider how prepared you would be if you were in one of these situations. There are a number of steps you can take to prepare to offer support to a survivor in your life. If you’re in a professional field in which survivors may seek your support, it’s helpful to seek formal professional training opportunities to learn effective strategies that are unique to your discipline and the organization where you work. For both professionals and members of the general community, you can seek out credible sources of information to learn about the dynamics of abusive relationships, the impacts of abuse, and trauma recovery processes. See our Other Resources page for some links to get started. Here are five other ways anyone can offer support to survivors who open up about their experiences with them:* First, show survivors that you believe them. Many survivors are used to their abusers trying to discredit or confuse them. It makes a huge difference to know that someone cares about you and believes you. It is very, very rare for people to lie about or make up stories of having been abused. Rather, it’s much more common that people minimize or deny the extent of the harm they have experienced. If a survivor opens up to you about having been abused, honor their experiences by believing them. Second, validate their emotions and the hurt and pain in their experiences. You might say, “That must have been so painful to experience,” or “You have every right to feel angry/hurt/outraged,” or even simply, “It makes total sense you’d feel that way.” Those kinds of validating words can be music to the ears of a survivor as they navigate the intense, complex emotions that often arise after having been abused. Third, be very intentional about avoiding any direct or indirect implications that the survivor was to blame for the abuse they experienced. You might remind the survivor that the abuser was fully responsible for their harmful actions. Also, you could say, “This was not your fault. You didn’t deserve to be treated this way.” Fourth, whenever possible, give space for the survivor to make decisions for themselves, as well as set their own pace for healing and sharing their story with you. It’s always important to support survivors in being empowered to lead the way so that any support you might offer will be in line with what they need (and not just what you think they need). Fifth, offer your support, while being mindful of your boundaries and limitations on the types of help you can offer (either personally or based on guidelines of your professional role). You can reinforce your commitment to offering support by saying, “I’m here for you.” One more bonus tip for getting prepared to offer support to survivors is to become familiar with relevant community resources in your local area and where to find other resources if you’re helping someone who doesn’t live in the same community as you. It’s helpful to know about local and state domestic violence agencies, mental health counselors who are trained to work with survivors, and community resource and referral hotlines. National resources like the National Domestic Violence Hotline are helpful to become familiar with as well. You never know if and when someone in your life might experience abuse or disclose that they have a history of having been abused. Whether you’re a professional who might encounter a survivor through your work or if you’re simply a parent, friend, coworker, or neighbor of someone who has faced abuse, you can make a big difference in the life of any survivors who may benefit from your support. Prepare in advance so you’ll be ready to offer your best support if and when a survivor opens up to you about their experiences. * Note: I’ve adapted these five tips from my TEDxGreensboro talk, Every Survivor Has a Story that Matters. Resources for Learning More About Abusive Relationships, Trauma Recovery, and Mental Health1/16/2024 By Christine Murray
An important step that community supporters can take to be better equipped to support survivors in their healing journey is to seek out additional training and information to understand common experiences that survivors face. Of course, it’s always important to keep in mind that every survivor’s experience will be unique, but some foundational knowledge about common dynamics of abusive relationships, trauma recovery, and mental health is extremely valuable for being able to offer adequate support. In today’s Pathway for Community Supports blog post, I’ll share some resources that I’ve reviewed and believe to offer credible information that may be helpful to professionals and other community supporters, including family members and friends who are concerned about a loved one. I’ve divided the resources below into three categories: (1) the dynamics of abusive relationships and impacts on survivors, (2) recovery from trauma and abuse, and (3) general mental health information resources. Please note: Since the list below includes a lot of links to external resources that I don’t have control over, it’s likely that their availability and/or the information they include may change over time. Therefore, please consider this list current as of the day this post is being shared (Tuesday, January 16th, 2024), and please consider carefully when you review these and any other resources about sensitive topics like these to decide for yourself whether they are credible and relevant to the unique circumstances of any survivor you are supporting. Resources about General Dynamics of Abusive Relationships and Their Impacts on Survivors
Resources about Recovery from Trauma and Abuse
General Mental Health Information Resources
Exploring the extensive list above may seem overwhelming at first, but remember, you don't need to absorb everything at once. Take it one step at a time. Consider starting with just one resource that resonates with you or addresses a specific question you have. Each piece of information you gather, no matter how small, contributes to your understanding and ability to support survivors on their long-term abuse recovery journey. If you've found certain resources particularly valuable, don't hesitate to share them with others who might benefit. Continuous learning is a key aspect of supporting survivors effectively. If you run into challenges or concerns with any of the resources listed above, feel free to reach out through our contact channels. Together, we can build a community of informed and compassionate supporters. Remember, an ongoing commitment to learning makes a meaningful impact on the support you offer to survivors. By Christine Murray
Embarking on the journey of supporting a survivor of past abuse is both a privilege and a daunting responsibility. As you listen to their courageous and vulnerable stories, you may find yourself grappling with uncertainty, unsure of the best way to provide the support they need. Every survivor has unique needs, varying at different points in their healing journey. Yet, survivors commonly share key needs when opening up about their experiences—needs such as support, validation, a safe space for expression, and encouragement. Recognizing and addressing these shared needs is crucial for anyone seeking to offer meaningful support. In this blog post, we explore five actionable strategies to create a safe and supportive space for survivors when they open up to you. From allowing them to share at their own pace to reaffirming ongoing support, these suggestions aim to empower you in offering meaningful assistance during their healing journey. First, allow the survivor to share their experiences with you at a pace that feels comfortable to them. Practice patience and allow the survivor’s story to unfold to a level and at a pace that they feel comfortable with. There may be parts of their experiences that they aren’t ready to share with you, today or ever. Reassure them that you’re there for them, but also you want them to choose to share whatever they feel safe and comfortable sharing, and it’s okay if there are parts of their experiences they want to keep private. Second, express open-ended questions and prompts in a non-judgmental tone. Once you’ve established that the survivor is leading the way in sharing their experiences with you, you can invite the survivor to share more (to their level of comfort) by asking open-ended questions and using open-ended prompts, while also maintaining a nonjudgmental tone. Below are a few examples you might consider bringing into your conversation:
Examples of validating statements you could make include, “That must have been so awful to go through,” “You have every right to feel that way,” “You have really been hurt by that other person,” and “It was wrong how the other person treated you.” Of course, use whatever wording feels right to you, as well as what you think will resonate with the survivor. These kinds of validating statements can go a long way toward helping the survivor feel seen and supported. Fourth, resist the urge to offer your advice or interpretations. While listening to a survivor share their experiences with you, you may have some ideas come to mind about advice you’d like to offer them. While there may be a time and place for offering advice, it’s important to stay focused on the survivor’s needs and perceptions. Before offering advice, consider asking a question like, “What do you think you’d like to do next?,” to prompt them to seek their own inner guidance first. If you do have advice you think is appropriate to offer, consider asking the survivor first if they’d like to hear it (e.g., “I have a suggestion I could offer about that, but is that something you’d like to hear now?”) or frame it in tentative--rather than certain--terms (e.g., “Have you considered trying…” instead of “What you should do now is…”). Finally, reaffirm your (and/or others’) ongoing support for their healing journey. Unless you are in a situation where you are certain you’ll only have one opportunity to connect with this survivor--such as if you are a one-time crisis responder or are a healthcare provider who only has one visit with the survivor--let them know that you’re there for them to provide future support if that would be helpful to them. If there are limits to the support you can provide, explain those limitations in an open, transparent manner, but also provide other potential sources of support that are available to them (e.g., “In our agency, counselors are only able to meet with clients up to three times, but here are some other resources in our community where you could turn for more long-term services or support.”). If you are in a position in which you can provide more ongoing support, below are a few phrases you could use to affirm your continued support for them:
Do you have other suggestions for how supporters can offer a safe space for survivors when they open up to them? If so, please share those suggestions in the comments so other readers can see them as well! |
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